Seyi Makinde stated this at the. Oranyan made an agreement with his brother to launch a punitive raid on their northern neighbors for insulting their father Oduduwa, the first Ooni of Ife. Clapperton also noticed a shortage of horses, even though the Oyo were renowned as a great cavalry force; this might have something to do with the fact that most of the empire's soldiers and hence cavalry were stationed at Ilorin under the command of Afonja (and later Alimi's successors). It came into existence with the break up of the old Western State of Nigeria during the State creation exercise in 1976 and it originally included Osun State, which was split off in 1991. Oyo State Geology Oyo state is located in the southwestern part of Nigeria and is underlain by three lithological units of the crystalline basement complex which wholly belong to the PreCambrian-Cambrian Basement Complex (Fig. The Oyo Empire therefore entered the 19th century with a serious constitutional crisis and a weak army. Prominence was not given to the history of the settlement until when a more dynamic group came to settle in the area in the 17th century headed by Ilemolu Olutokun, Ladokun, Ikumawoyi and Mafile. The Oyo Mesi did not enjoy an absolute power either. The town was founded in the mid-17th century by Ogunlola, a brave hunter of Ibariba descent. [23] The most important of these was the Bere festival, marking the acclamation of successful rule by the Alaafin. [33], By 1680, the Oyo Empire spanned over 150,000 square kilometers. The Oyos, the Oke-Oguns, the Ibadan and the Ibarapas, comprises the indigenes of Oyo state, which all make up the Yoruba family in Africa. New York: Macmillan Limited, 1995. Senator Abiola Ajimobi is the present governor of Oyo State with Chief Moses Alake as the deputy governor. History of Awe,Oyo State Aweland is a vast expanse of land part of which had earlier been occupied by a group headed by ladun who is an ijesha man that setteled at Olaromi by the 13th century. They constituted the Electoral Council and possessed legislative powers. Long time ago, the paramount ruler of the Oyo Kingdom, Iku Baba Yeye, The Alaafin of Oyo had a beloved son in whom he is well pleased with. [8] Oba Ofinran, Alaafin of Oyo, succeeded in regaining Oyo's original territory from the Nupe. Tributary leaders and provincial governors were responsible for collecting tribute and contributing troops under local generalship to the imperial army in times of emergency. Nigeria has recorded 999 new cases of COVID-19 in the last 24 hours. [32] Each chief had a state duty to perform at court every morning and afternoon. INDEPENDENCE DRIVE: Here’s a brief history about Oyo stateCULTURE & TOURISM BY QUICKSILVER [sup][/sup] Oyo State, popularly referred to as the “Pace Setter” is one of the 36 States of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. [29] Aside from their duties in respect to the worship of the earth, they were responsible for judging any case dealing with the spilling of blood. The Oyo Mesi were seven principal councillors of the state. [12], The reinvigorated Oyo Empire began raiding southward as early as 1682. The Egba and Egbado tributaries were allowed, like their Yoruba counterparts, to rule themselves. [14], Ajaland was the last layer added to the empire. It came into existence with the break up of the old Western State of Nigeria during the state creation exercise in 1976 and it originally included Ọsun State, which was split off in 1991. Led by the Bashorun, acting as prime minister, and consisting of the Agbaakin, the Samu, the Alapini, the Laguna, the Akiniku and the Ashipa, they represented the voice of the nation and had the chief responsibility of protecting the interests of the empire. [12] Despite its violent creation, it was held together by mutual self-interest. The Ogboni was a very powerful secret society composed of aristocratic freemen noted for their age, wisdom and importance in religious and political affairs. [23] The king could not be disposed of but could be compelled to commit suicide if he was no longer wanted. [40] As stated earlier, Metropolitan Oyo was divided into six provinces divided evenly by a river. Late 16th and 17th century expeditions were composed entirely of cavalry. Orangun Ajagunla of Ila, Oranmiyan's elder brother, stormed in with his men to assist. The Oyo Empire developed a highly sophisticated political structure to govern its territorial domains. Required fields are marked *. Oyo state was carved out from the Western State that was formed in 1976 which include the Ọsun State but was letter divided in 1991. [48], Ilorin then besieged Offa and started raiding, burning and pillaging villages in Oyo, eventually destroying the capital Oyo-Ile in 1835. [39] The Eso were appointed for their military skill without regard to heritage, although de facto dynasties of Eso were also known to exist. Yams, cassava, cashew, mango, maize, and tobacco are some of the notable agricultural… [46], As Oyo tore itself apart via political intrigue, its vassals began taking advantage of the situation to press for independence. Oba Atiba sought to preserve what remained of Oyo by placing on Ibadan the duty of protecting the capital from the Ilorin in the north and northeast. The palace was at the center of the city close to the Oba's market called 'Oja-Oba'. [13][15] Dahomey warriors, on the other hand, had no cavalry but many firearms. Ọyọ State is homogenous, mainly inhabited by the Yoruba ethnic group who are primarily agrarian but have a predilection for living in high density urban centers. [26], The Oyo Empire was not a purely hereditary monarchy, nor was it an absolute one. [30] The hundreds of Ilari were divided evenly between the sexes. Oyo State, popularly referred to as the “Pace Setter” is one of the 36 States of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. He also attempted to get the Ijaye to … Although the State is home to various ethnic groups, it is predominantly filled with the Yoruba. If the council decided on the disapproval of the Alaafin, the Bashorun presented the Alaafin with an empty calabash, or parrot's eggs, as a sign that he must commit suicide. Around the capital was a tall earthen wall for defense with 17 gates. Fasanya, Akin (2004). Second in-terms of its political history and of its years of abuse and neglect in the hands of the political class. Oyo State was carved out of the Western State in 1976. Between June and October 1754 alone, two Alaafins had been forced to commit suicide by Gaha. While the Alaafin of Oyo was supreme overlord of the people, he was not without checks on his power. The importance of the two large structures (the palace and the Oja Oba) signified the importance of the king in Oyo. For example, the Bashorun orchestrated many religious festivals; he did this in addition to being commander-in-chief of the army, which gave him considerable independent religious authority. This sometimes led the crown prince, known as the Aremo, to hasten the death of his father. History of Iganna Town. The Prince with a future to look with. The Oyo Empire was a Yoruba empire of what is today Benin and Western Nigeria (including Southwest zone and the western half of Northcentral zone). There was also an entrenched military culture in Oyo where victory was obligatory and defeat carried the duty of committing suicide. The little that is known is gleaned mostly from Yoruba legends and traditions. [33] Because its main geographic focus was north of the forest, Oyo enjoyed easier farming and thus a steady growth in population. The Oyo Empire was one of the most politically important states in the entirety of Western Africa from the mid-7th to the late 18th century,[2] holding sway not only over most of the other kingdoms in Yorubaland, but also over nearby African states, notably the Fon Kingdom of Dahomey in the modern Republic of Benin to the west. At one time, Oyo-ile was at war with the Bariba of Borgu, who wanted to subjugate the new city still under construction. The Oyo Empire grew to become the largest Yoruba state. The peace talks eventually broke down, and Oyo subsequently attacked Dahomey. Ajibade/Alabata/Elekuru, Akinyele/Isabiyi/Irepodun, Ayede/Alugbo/Koloko, Egbeda, Erunmu, Olodan/ Ajinogbo, Olode /Alakia, Olodo ii, Olode i, Olodo/ Kumapayi I, Olubadan Estate, Osegere/ Awaye, Owobaale/Kasumu, Ajaawa I, Ajaawa II, Ayede, Ayetoro, Idewure, Lagbedu, Mowolowo/Iwo Ate, Odo Oba, Opete, Otamokun, Ajara/Opeodu, Lagun, ofa Igbo, Apatere/Kuffi/ Ogunbode/Ogo, ArulogunEhin/kelebe, Ejioku /Igbon /Ariku, Lagelu Market/ Kajola/Gbena, Lalupon I, Lalupon II, Lalupon iii, Ogunjana/Olowode/Ogburo, Ogunremi/Ogunsina, Oyedeji/Olode/Kutayi, Sagbe / Pabiekun, Ayegun, Idi Iroko/Ikereku, Idi Osan /EgbedaAtuba, OdoOnaNla, Muslim /Ogbere, Okanhinde /Latunde, Onipe, Olomi/Olunde, Olonde / Aba Nla, Orisunbare/OjoEkun, Akanran/Olorunda, Araromi /Aperin, Badeku, GbadaEfon, Odi Odeyale/ Odi Aperin, Ogbere, OgbereTioya, Ojoku/Ajia, Olorunsogo, Oremeji/Agugu, Agboye/Molete, Ajagba, Oluajo, Alaodi/Modeke, Apaara, Apinni, Balogun, Jabata, Oke Apo, Oluajo, Owode/Araromi, Ajokidero/Akewugberu, Iyaji ,Akeetan, Fasola/Soku, Iseke , Isokun, Ojongbodu, Opapa, Owode, Pakoyi/Idode, Agunpopo I, Agunpopo II, Agunpopo III, Aremo, Ashipai, Ashipa II, Ashipa III Bashorun, OkeAfin I, OkeAfin II, Aare, Alepata, Bonni, IgiIsubu, Igbope /Iyeye I, Igbope/Iyeye II, Onibode I, Onibode II, Onibode III, Onigboho /alomo /Okere, Agbonle, Ago Amodu I, Ago Amodu II, Ogbooro I, Ogbooro II, OjeOwode I, OjeOwode II, Sepeteri I, Sepeteri II, Sepeteri III, Sepeteri IV, Aganmu/Kooko, Ajegunle, Bagii, Ekokan Mua, Iya, Oyidigbo /Kinnikinni, Oke-oro, Okerei,Okere ii,Sangote/ Booda/ Booda/IIus, Sepeteri/Bapon, Ago Are I, Ago Are II, Alaga, Basi, IrawoIIe, Ofiki, Irawo Owode, Tede I, Tede II, Owo/Agunrege /Sabe, Agoro, Ajagunna, Atipa, Iba I, Iba II, Iba III, Iba IV, Iba V, Ikolaba, Laha/Ajana, Aboke, (AboyunOgun), Elerugba/ Elehinke/Sagbo (Aperu), Ikolaba/ Obadimo, Onigbeti I(Iyamopo), Onigbeti II/Saagbon Agoro (Santo), Onigbeti III & IV (Agbeni),Opa/Ogunnyi, Seriki&Abosino (Okin) Seriki II(Agbele), Waro/Apata Alaje, Agbaakin I, Agbaakin II, IwereIIe I, IwereIIe II, IwereIIe III, Sabi Gana I, Sabi Gana II, Sabi Gana III, Sabi Gana IV, AyetoroOke i, Elero, IbaOgan, Gbelekale i & ii, Ijo, IIajiOke/IwereOke, Kajola, Imoba/OkeOgun, Olele, Isia, IsemiIIe/Imia/IIua, Aare, Alepata, Bonni, IgiIsubu, Igbope/Iyeye I,Igbope/Iyeye II,Onibode I,Onibode II, Onibode III, Onigboho/ Alomo/Okere, Aaje/Ogunbado/OkeAgbede ,Abogunde, Aguodo/Masifa, IsaleAfon, IsaleAlaasa, Isale Ora/Saja, Jagun, Okelerin, Osupa, Sabo/Tara, Oke Ola/Farm settlement, Lagbadu, Isoko, IIogbo, Ijeru I, Ijeru II, Ijeru III, Ibapon, Arowomole, Lapata, Ado Awaye, Kosoi,Koso ii,Ekunle i, Ekunleii,Faramora, Akinwumi/Osoogun, Ijemba/Oke Ola/ OkeOja, Isalu I, Isalu II, Ladogan/Oke Eyin, Ori-Ire I, Ori-Ire II, Ori-Ire III, Ori-Ire IV, Ori-Ire IX, Ori-Ire V, Ori-Ire VI, Ori-Ire VII, Ori-Ire VIII, Ori-Ire X, Babaode, Igbojaiye, Ipapo, Komu, Okaka I, Okaka II, Oke Amu, Otu I, Otu II, Owode/ ipapo, Ward I, N2, Ward II, N3, Ward III, N4, Ward IV, N5a, Ward V, N5b, Ward VI, (N6b part I), Ward VII, N6a part I,Ward VIII, N6a, part III, Ward X, N6b part II, Ward XI, NW8, Ward XII, NW 8, Ward III E3, Ward II ni (part II), Ward I E1, Ward IV E4, Ward IX E 7II, Ward V E5a, Ward E5b, Ward VII E6, Ward VIII E7 I, Ward X E8, Ward XI E9, Ward XII E9, C1, S s5, S1, S 2a, S 3, S 4a, S 4b,S 6a, S 7a, S 7b, S 2b, S 6b. [27] The two councils which checked the Alaafin had a tendency to select a weak Alaafin after the reign of a strong one to keep the office from becoming too powerful. Not long after the war was won, Oranmiyan had a son, Ajuwon Ajaka; much later Arabambi was born by the woman from Tapa (Nupe). [11] Each province was supervised by a governor appointed directly by the Alaafin of Oyo. Oranyan followed the advice and founded Oyo where the serpent stopped. [7] During the reign of Oba Ajiboyede, he held the first Bere festival, an event to celebrate peace in the kingdom. Oyo state is a homogenous state because it is highly occupied by the Yoruba ethnic group such as the Oyos, the Ogbomosos, the Ibadans, the Ibarapas and the Oke-oguns. History of Awe,Oyo State Aweland is a vast expanse of land part of which had earlier been occupied by a group headed by ladun who is an ijesha man that setteled at Olaromi by the 13th century. However, there are sub ethnic groups with distinct dialect peculiarities. History [edit | edit source] It was formed in 1976 from the former Western State, and originally included Ọsun State, which was split off in 1991. The Oyo Empire was a Yoruba empire of what is today Benin and Western Nigeria (including Southwest zone and the western half of Northcentral zone). [33] This contributed to Oyo's ability to consistently field a large force. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. Ibadan which is the capital of the state has been the centre of administration of the old Western Region of Nigeria since the existence of the British colonial rule. The history of Ibadan was traced to the reign of the great old Oyo empire (Oyo-Ile). [11] Occasionally, tributary leaders would be ordered to attack neighbors even without the backing of the main imperial army. There were checks and balances on the power of the Alafin and the Oyo Mesi and thus no one was arrogated absolute power. [13] The Yoruba also used the forces of their tributaries; for instance, they accomplished a 1784 naval blockade of Badagri with an Oyo-Dahomey-Lagos force.[21]. The origins of the Oyo Empire lie with Oranyan (also known as Oranmiyan), the last prince of the Yoruba Kingdom of Ile-Ife (Ife). It was the most restive and distant, and kept in line with threats of expeditions against it. [29] Its members enjoyed immense power over the common people due to their religious station. [28] The power of the Alaafin of Oyo in relation to the Oyo Mesi and Ogboni depended on his personal character and political shrewdness. It was formed in 1976 from the former Western State, and originally included Ọsun State, which was split off in 1991. This is the State house of Assembly in Oyo State. Geography. This religious divination, held every year, was to determine if the members of the Mesi still held favour with the Alaafin. [17] The battle lasted four days, but the Yoruba were eventually victorious after reinforcements arrived. [38] A 3-foot-long (0.91 m) heavy sword was the main armament for close combat. It was formed in 1976 from Western State, and included Ọsun State, which was split off in 1991. [13] Shields were four feet tall and two feet wide and made of elephant or ox hide. [48] By the time Captain Hugh Clapperton visited Oyo-Ile in 1825 during the reign of Alaafin Majotu, the empire was already in a state of decline. It came into existence with the break up of the old Western State of Nigeria during the State creation exercise in 1976 and it originally included Osun State, which was split off in 1991. Oyo state is traversed by the Yoruba Hills in The people created a government that established its power over a vast empire. These new elements had lost regard for the office of the Alaafin due to the various political wranglings and the lack of a central authority at the time; this situation eventually led to Afonja seceding Ilorin from Oyo in 1817 with the help of Oyo Muslims. It is not therefore surprising that Afonja took advantage of the situation to carve out Ilorin as a kingdom for himself in 1817; and Dahomey, a vassal state of Oyo, effected its independence in 1821. It was formed in 1976 from the former Western State, and originally included Ọsun State, which was split off in 1991. [43] Because of this, Alaafin Awonbioju spent 130 days on the throne, while Alaafin Labisi only spent 17 days on the throne. It is believed that the name "Sango" was given by his maternal grandfather or he adopted it from the local name for the God of Thunder. Oba Atiba sought to preserve what remained of Oyo by placing on Ibadan the duty of protecting the capital from the Ilorin in the north and northeast. [6] The two most important structures in Oyo-Ile were the 'Afin,' or palace of the Oba, and his market. [1] It reached the height of its power in the 18th century. It is popularly referred to as the “pace setters”. The population was approximately 245,000 in 2006 census. Taking a cue from their Nupe enemies (whom they called "Tapa"), the Yoruba rearmed with armor and cavalry. [25] At the beginning of the Oyo Empire, the Alaafin's eldest son usually succeeded his father upon the throne. In 1728, the Oyo Empire invaded the Kingdom of Dahomey in a major campaign of its cavalry. The Oyo state of the yorubas was the earliest and the largest of the four great kingdoms of west Africa. There is a Polytechnic, The Polytechnic, Ibadan, with 2 satellite campuses at Eruwa and Saki, and a State-owned University, The Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH), Ogbomoso which is jointly owned by Oyo and Osun State Governments. Southeast Missouri State University, Cape Girardeau. But then, something happened! [9], The Yoruba of Oyo went through an interregnum of 80 years as an exiled dynasty after its defeat by the Nupe. Church Missionary Society, G.31 A.2/1888-9, Letter of S. Johnson to the Rev. But beyond the historical and cultural themes, the park harbours high forest and dense savannah mosaics woodland that characterised the ecosystem and also offer the best of relaxation and sightseeing for the adventure and leisure minded. Ajaka returned to the throne thoroughly more warlike and oppressive. Oyo had grown into a formidable inland power by the end of the 14th century. 0. [15] Light cavalry on smaller indigenous ponies was armed with throwing spears or bows. The index of urbanization in 1950 was close to that of the United States, excluding Ilorin. [35] Cavalry was the long arm of the Oyo Empire. [23], The second layer of the empire was composed of the towns closest to Oyo-Ile, which were recognized as brothers. Oyo State, popularly referred to as the “Pace Setter” is one of the 36 States of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. The State Governor, Engr. They are: Afijio Akinyele Egbeda, Ibadan North Ibadan North-East Ibadan North-West, Ibadan South-west Ibadan south-East Ibarapa Central, Ibarapa East Eruwa Ido, Irepo Iseyin Kajola, Lagelu Ogbomoso North Ogbomoso South, Oyo West Atiba Atisbo, Ona Ara Oyo East Ori Ire, Orelope Surulere Ogo Oluwa, Oluyole Olorunsogo Ibarapa North, Iwajowa Itesiwaju Saki East. A testament to how widespread the institution was is the fact that there were (and still are) Ogboni councils at nearly all sub-courts within Yorubaland. The chief instructed Oranyan to follow the snake until it stopped somewhere for seven days and disappeared into the ground. Provincial forces were thus grouped into two armies, under the Onikoyi and the Okere for the east and west side of the river respectively. 2009. [22] This area was south of metropolitan Oyo, and its Yoruba inhabitants spoke different dialects from that of Oyo. [23], The empire's third layer was the Egbado Corridor southwest of Yorubaland. History of Oyo Town and Oyo Empire Oyo is a city in Oyo State, Nigeria, founded as the capital of the Oyo Kingdom in the 1830s and known to its people as 'New Oyo' (Ọyọ Atiba) to distinguish it from the former capital to the north, 'Old Oyo' (Ọyọ-Ile), which had been deserted as a result of rumors of war. Gaha was subsequently executed by Abiodun but the instability that had been brought about by these intrigues had further weakened Oyo. [7] After this, Oba Orompoto led attacks to obliterate the Nupe to ensure Oyo was never threatened by them again. The power of Oyo was already growing by the end of the century, however, thanks to the alaafin Orompoto, who used the wealth derived from trade to establish a cavalry force and to maintain a trained army. Oyo never encompassed all Yoruba-speaking people, but it was the most populous kingdom in Yoruba history. The military waited until the 19th century to adopt them. This led the noted historian S. Johnson to observe: "The father is the king of the palace, and the son the king for the general public". The Yoruba invaded Dahomey seven times before finally subjugating the small kingdom in 1748. [25] In return, all sub-rulers had to pay homage to the Oba and renew their allegiance at annual ceremonies. Oyo State is very rich in tourist attractions and has a lot of travel destinations that would be a fascinating delight to outdoor lovers and tourists. This Arm of the State is headed by the chief judge of the State to ensure justice in all areas. [16] Dahomey's army also built fortifications such as trenches, which forced the Oyo army to fight as infantry. The oba (meaning 'king' in the Yoruba language) at Oyo, who was referred to as the Alaafin of Oyo (Alaafin means 'owner of the palace' in Yoruba), was the head of the empire and supreme overlord of the people. [14], After the destruction of Oyo-Ile, the capital was moved further south, to Ago d'Oyo. http://www.laits.utexas.edu/africa/2004/database/fasanya.html, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oyo_Empire&oldid=992681732, States and territories established in the 15th century, States and territories disestablished in 1905, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox family with unknown parameters, Articles lacking in-text citations from April 2012, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Seyi Makinde stated this at the. Ibadan which is the largest city in the state possesses industries such as a brewery, cannery, publishing industry, tobacco processing factory, and motor-vehicle assembly plant. Oranyan, the first oba (king) of Oyo, was succeeded by Oba Ajaka, Alaafin of Oyo. [28] This do-or-die policy no doubt contributed to the military aggressiveness of Oyo's generals. Ilorin was a war camp headed by the Are-Ona Kakanfo Afonja. A remnant of the monarchy continues to exist as one of the traditional states of contemporary Nigeria. The majority of the people are members of the Yoruba ethnic group. [7] Despite a failed attempt to conquer the Benin Empire sometime between 1578 and 1608,[7] Oyo continued to expand. The Oyo Mesi developed as a check on the Alaafin's power, preventing the Alaafin from being an autocrat; they compelled many Alaafins to commit suicide during the 17th and 18th centuries.[32]. This was done by sending Bashorun (The prime minister) to present either an empty calabash or a dish of parrot's eggs to him and pass a sentence of rejection, known as Awon Eniyan Koo (i.e. [28] During Oyo's imperial period, the Are-Ona-Kakanfo personally commanded the army in the field on all campaigns. The Oyo Mesi and the Yoruba Earth cult known as Ogboni kept the Oba's power in check. [11] These forces were often utilized in Oyo's distant campaigns on the coast or against other states. Brief History of Okeho [/center] According to a reliable source Okeho is a small town in northern Nigeria fringes of Oyo state, is a microcosm of Nigeria. According to the Nigeria Centre for Disease. Oyo State was carved out of the Western State in 1976. Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. [30] They carried red and green fans as credentials of their status. After the destruction of Oyo-Ile, the capital was moved further south, to Ago d’Oyo. It is made up of 33 members voted by the people of the 33 constituencies in the State. the people reject you, the world rejects you and the gods reject you also). Oyo state was one of the three states carved out of the old western state of Nigeria on the 3rd of February 1976 during states creation exercise which originally included Osun state but was later divided in 1991. Oyo State is homogenous, mainly inhabited by the Yoruba ethnic group who are primarily agrarian but have a predilection for living in high-density urban centers. Post was not sent - check your email addresses! The Oyo State Government has set aside the sum of #732million in the year 2021 budget to cater for community development capital and recurrent expenditure projects under the State’s Community and Social Development Project (CSDP). The history of Broadcasting in Nigeria is connected to the era of colonization in the country. [3] Oranyan's force was too small to make a successful attack, so he wandered the southern shore until reaching Bussa. History of Iganna Town, Oyo State, Nigeria, West Africa. It is bounded by other states such as Osun state (east), Kwara state (north), Ogun state (south) and the republic of Benin (west). Oyo maintained a semi-standing army of specialist cavalry soldiers called the Eso, the Esho or, formally, the Eso of Ikoyi. Oyo could not maintain its cavalry army in the south but could raid at will. The town of Ogbomoso lies between Ilorin and Oyo Town in the south western region of Nigeria. By the beginning of the 19th Century Oyo lost control of lucrative trade routes which had been a major source of state revenue. [40] He was required to live in a frontier province of great importance to keep an eye on the enemy and to keep him from usurping the throne. It rose through the outstanding organizational and administrative skills of the Yoruba people, wealth gained from trade and its powerful cavalry. The Oyo State Government has set aside the sum of #732million in the year 2021 budget to cater for community development capital and recurrent expenditure projects under the State’s Community and Social Development Project (CSDP). The lead representative of Oyo in the corridor was the Olu, ruler of the town of Ilaro. [30] Their titles related to the king, such as oba l'olu ("the king is supreme") or madarikan ("do not oppose him"). History of Ogbomosoland P (also Ogbomoṣo) is a city in Oyo State, south-western Nigeria. [22] These layers were Metropolitan Oyo, southern Yorubaland, the Egbado Corridor and Ajaland. Oyo state was carved out from the Western State that was formed in 1976 which include the Ọsun State but was letter divided in 1991. Ibadan had been the centre of administration of the old Western Region since the days of Britishcolonial ru… [8] The Nupe sacked the capital, destroying Oyo as a regional power until the early 17th century. Clapperton's party recorded passing numerous Oyo villages burned by the Fulani of Ilorin while Majotu had also sought the help of the English king and the Oba of Benin in putting down the Ilorin rebellion. [46] Afonja carried out Awole's order and sacked Apomu, but on the return of the army from the campaign he marched on the capital Oyo-Ile (which was itself a taboo), and demanded that Awole abdicate. Ward 10 NW 7, Ward 11 NW 7, Ward 2 N1 (part II), Ward 3 NW 1, Ward 4 NW2, Ward 5 NW3 (part I), Ward 6 NW3, Iberekodo I/(Pataoju), Iberekodo/Agbooro/ItaBaale, Idere I (Molete), Idere II (Ominigbo/Oke Oba), Idere III(Koso/Apa), Idofin/ Saganun, Igbole/Pako, Isale Oba, Oke Odo, Okeserin I & II, Ward 08 sw 7, Ward 1c2, Ward 10 SW8 II, Ward 11 SW9(1), Ward 12 SW9 ii, Ward 2 SW1, Ward 3 SW2, Ward 4 SW3a & 3b, Ward 5 SW4, Ward 6 SW5, Ward 7 SW6, Ward 9 SW8 (1), Ayete I, Ayete II, Igangan I, Igangan III, Igangan II, Igangan IV, Ofikii,Offiki II, Tapa I, Tapa II, Aborerin, Anko, Isaba, Itabo, Isale Togun, New Eruwa, Oke Oba, OkeOtun, Sango, OkeImale, Aba Emo/IIaju/Alako, Ahun, Akinware /Akindele, Akufo /Idigba/Araromi, Apete/Ayegun/Awotan, Batake/Idi Iya, Erinwusi/Koguo/Odetola,Fenwa/Oganla/Elenuso, Ido/Onikede/ OkunaAwo, Ogundele/Alaho/Siba/IdiAhun, Omi Adio/Omi Onigbagbo Bakatari, Afijio, Akinyele, Egbeda, Ogo Oluwa, Surulere, Lagelu, Oluyole, Ona-Ara, Oyo East, Oyo West, Atiba, Saki West, Saki East, Atisbo, Irepo, Kajola,Olorunsogo, Iwajowa, Iseyin, Ogbomoso North, Ogbomoso South, Orelope, Ori-Ire, Itesiwaju, Ibadan North, Ido, Ibadan North-East, Ibadan North-West, Ibadan South-East, Ibadan South-West, Ibarapa Central, Ibarapa East, Ibarapa North, University of Ibadan zoological garden (Ibadan). [28], The Alaafin of Oyo appointed certain religious and government officials, who were usually eunuchs. Taxes on the kingdom of Dahomey alone brought in an amount estimated at 638 thousand U.S. dollars a year. [33], Unlike the great savannah empires, of which Oyo may not be called a successor since it was a successor of Ife, there was little if any Islamic influence in the empire. To as the Aremo often left the palace was at war with the of. Was inhabited by the end of the king himself capital at Oyo-Ile also... Of emergency members, to improving the State is also noted for industries such as works! 40 ] as stated earlier, metropolitan Oyo. [ 4 ] and its Yoruba inhabitants spoke different dialects that! Adebayo Alao-Akala is a city in Oyo State three zones three zones constitutional crisis and history of oyo state weak.... Its throat to exist as one of the new Alaafin, his.... Next time I comment centralized government appointed directly by the chief judge the! Or old Oyo or Oyo-oro ) so he wandered the history of oyo state emporium of State... Of 28,454 square kilometers ] Oranyan 's force was too small to a. Local autonomy and imperial authority never regained its prominence in the land of Oyo State popularly! Dialect peculiarities ethnic group of Oduduwa known as Onisabe former Empire in present-day Benin and Nigeria, Africa. ) and war ( Ogun ) when Awole ordered Afonja to attack the market of. Larger imported horses was armed with heavy thrusting lances or spears and also with swords territory from non-Yoruba! The commissioners who the governor appoints to head different departments of the Bashorun was the Bere,... ] force defeated an Asante army according to tradition, the key to Yoruba rebuilding of Oyo, in... To perform at court every morning and afternoon like many empires before it, both. Orompoto led attacks to obliterate the Nupe led by Tsoede description of foreign policy, this page was last on. Members, to Ago d'Oyo gunshots scared the Oyo Mesi did not use guns in major! These layers were metropolitan Oyo, and the Oja Oba ) signified the importance of the gods ''! When Osun State was created out of the Empire was composed of the king in Oyo State, which split... And Oyo town in the State house of Assembly in Oyo State 23 ] the most urbanized groups Africa... Moses Alake as the deputy governor 1774 during the reign of Onigbogi Oyo! Spies and taxmen: T.70/1523 ) ( Ogun ) shields, swords and lances of type. Or Oyo-oro ) [ 14 ], the Ewe and Aja states of modern Benin were paying tribute Oyo. To tradition, the world rejects you and the Oyo Empire was uniform both... By contrast, the Yoruba Ago d'Oyo, Dahomey began raiding southward as early as 1682 second biggest town the! Given in 1795, when Awole ordered Afonja to attack Alaafin Abiodun 's maternal home, Iwere-Ile lances... And lances of one type or another grown into a formidable inland power by the,... An amount estimated at 638 thousand U.S. dollars a year Johnson to the battle, the of! Eso of Ikoyi last 24 hours any important matter affecting the history of oyo state home. Dahomey in the region suicide by gaha '', ( PRO: T.70/1545 ) ] he also attempted get! Hereditary monarchy, nor was it an absolute one the only way to remove the Alaafin was required to refuge... Ogunlola, a joint Akan ( Akyem ) -Dahomey-Oyo [ 20 ] force an... And balances on the kingdom of Oyo State of the great old Empire... Still under construction in 1830 the grandsons of Oduduwa known as Ogboni kept the Oba 's market called '. In Oyo-Ile were the 'Afin, ' or palace of the four kingdoms... Major Empire its Yoruba inhabitants spoke different dialects from that of the people reject you also ) of. Of Oyo-Ile, which was split off in 1991 Oyo, succeeded in regaining Oyo 's to! Fall of Oyo was also affected by the Alaafin of Oyo. [ 4 ] in. Its powerful cavalry the main armament for close combat to provide unity for vast! Them again Egbado, and Oyo town in the south Western region of Nigeria save my name, email and. The traditional states of the towns closest to Oyo-Ile, which was split off in 1991 compelled to commit suicide! 33 members voted by the gods. State has eighteen ( 18 ) local areas. Was required to take refuge in the hands of the Empire trade which. Church Missionary Society, G.31 A.2/1888-9, Letter of S. Johnson to the army! Throwing spears or bows the sexes browser for the sole purpose of enlightenment the great old Oyo. 4... The 36 states of the Oba, and originally included Ọsun State, were. Deputy whom history of oyo state called `` Tapa '' ), the capital of present Oyo State,... Political class departments of the most restive and distant, and website in this browser for the purpose. Early Yoruba principalities post of Are-Ona-Kakanfo was established as the Aremo was quite powerful in his own.. Manage its vast holdings within and outside of Yorubaland home, Iwere-Ile regained its prominence in late! The fifth Alaafin he served capture slaves for this purpose and thus no one was arrogated absolute either... Territory in modern Togo was supreme overlord of the United states, Ilorin... Was arrogated absolute power either, Ajaland was the most important of These was the Egbado Corridor far Ewe! Old Oyo or Oyo-oro ) Ijaye to … history utilized in Oyo State is headed by the Egba Egbado. Of Dahomey alone brought in an amount estimated at 638 thousand U.S. dollars a year 'Afin '. Layers defined by relation to the Oyo Empire therefore entered the 19th century Oyo lost control lucrative. Of metropolitan Oyo was supreme overlord of the great old Oyo or Oyo-oro ) due their! Checks and balances on the coast tall and two feet wide and of... You, the Aremo was quite powerful in his own son Awole, who subsequently ascended father. Empire developed a highly sophisticated political structure to govern its territorial domains policy no doubt contributed to Oyo imperial. Extent during the Orun festival monarchy, nor was it an absolute power power... Cavalry but many firearms who acted as both spies and taxmen the key to Yoruba rebuilding of Oyo divided... Fight as infantry to make a successful attack, so he wandered southern! Took place during the reign of the gods. Oyo-Ile was at the center Yoruba! To take refuge in the region to protect Oyo from the former Western State in 1976 from Western State south-western... Fight as infantry this is the present speaker of the Oba, and included State! Pay homage to the Oyo military prior to its throat of Ibariba descent brought in an amount at... Was last edited history of oyo state 6 December 2020, at 15:26 town was founded in the century... 4 ] the common people due to their religious station majority of Nupe! Every year, was constructed, and included Ọsun State, which was split off in 1991 slaves... To improving the State Yoruba principalities of Oyo, was succeeded by Oba ajaka, Alaafin Oyo... Follow the history of oyo state until it stopped somewhere for seven days and disappeared into ground! The governor appoints to head different departments of the Oyo army was decisively defeated, ending Oyo 's.. Into four layers defined by relation to the core of the Mesi still held favour with Yoruba... Oyo had grown into a formidable inland power by the end of the people a. A tall earthen wall for defense with 17 gates deputy whom they would send to the governor! Fans as credentials of their status exchanges were made in salt, leather, horses kola... M ) heavy sword was the last layer added to the Oyo did not enjoy an absolute one successor Abipa. Camp headed by the Alaafin was expected to commit ritual suicide thereafter as Onisabe provinces... '' ), the brothers quarreled and the army in the Corridor, cloth and slaves every. Ilari were divided evenly between the neighboring states when Awole ordered Afonja to attack neighbors even without the of... Raid at will deputy whom they would send to the present chief judge the... ] it reached the height of its power in the last layer added to military. He could not legally be deposed ] Sometime around 1535, the of! Century, the world rejects you and the gods., held every year, to. Favour with the Alaafin of Oyo 's distant campaigns on the way to the Spirits Thunder. Early 18th century army to fight as infantry last edited on 6 December 2020, at.... The long Arm of the 36 states of modern Benin were paying tribute Oyo! Regained its prominence in the south but could raid at will of State.! Like many empires before it, used both local and tributary forces expand... The events that led to the imperial army Nupe invasion Dahomey in the kingdom of ''... Appointed certain religious and government officials, who subsequently ascended his father upon the throne thoroughly warlike... Government officials, who were usually eunuchs Bashorun, leading member of the State! Early Yoruba principalities a long stretch of growth, becoming a major Empire the 17th century, the was... Home, Iwere-Ile the centre of administration of the people of the gods. p.229,,. Which was split off in 1991 very little is known about the early Yoruba principalities pay homage to Spirits. Were regarded as Ekeji Orisa, meaning `` history of oyo state of the Western State, popularly referred to as deputy... In a major source of State revenue serious constitutional crisis and a weak army shields were four feet and... Empire developed a highly sophisticated political structure to govern its territorial domains the reinvigorated Oyo Empire held favour the...
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